What are ameloblasts responsible for?

Ameloblasts are specialized cells that are directly involved in the formation of enamel, which is the hard, outer layer of teeth. During the process known as amelogenesis, ameloblasts secrete enamel matrix proteins that subsequently mineralize to form the final enamel structure. This layer is critical as it provides protection to underlying teeth structures, from physical damage and chemical erosion caused by food and beverages.

The formation of enamel is unique because it occurs only during tooth development, and once the enamel is fully formed, ameloblasts undergo a process of apoptosis and are no longer present in the mature tooth. Therefore, understanding the role of ameloblasts is essential in dental practice, particularly in relation to enamel defects and developmental issues.