What is the definition of abfraction?

The definition of abfraction specifically refers to the loss of tooth structure that occurs due to mechanical flexural forces acting on the teeth. This phenomenon is believed to happen when the teeth experience stress during activities such as biting and chewing, leading to microfractures in the enamel. Over time, these microfractures can result in the loss of tooth structure, particularly at the cervical region where the tooth meets the gum line.

Abfraction is distinct from other types of tooth loss, such as wear from improper brushing or dental decay, as it primarily relates to the physical forces impacting the teeth rather than chemical or abrasive factors. Understanding this mechanism is critical for dental professionals when diagnosing and treating conditions related to tooth wear and integrity.