What is the medical term for the disease caused by Clostridium tetani?

The disease caused by Clostridium tetani is called Tetanus. This condition occurs when the bacterium, which is commonly found in soil, dust, and animal feces, enters the body, often through wounds or cuts. Tetanus is characterized by muscle stiffness and spasms, particularly in the jaw and neck, which is commonly referred to as "lockjaw." It is a serious condition that can lead to severe complications if not treated promptly.

Understanding the characteristics of Clostridium tetani helps to clarify why Tetanus is the appropriate term. This bacterium produces a potent neurotoxin that affects the nervous system, leading to the clinical manifestations seen in Tetanus. The other options refer to different diseases caused by other pathogens: Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi, Botulism is caused by Clostridium botulinum, and Cholera is caused by Vibrio cholerae. Each of these has distinct causes, symptoms, and modes of transmission, separating them clearly from Tetanus.