What is the primary function of cementum in dental anatomy?

The primary function of cementum in dental anatomy is to anchor the periodontal ligament. Cementum is a calcified tissue that covers the roots of teeth and serves as a point of attachment for the periodontal ligament, which connects the teeth to the surrounding alveolar bone. This anchoring is essential for maintaining tooth stability and supporting the overall structure of the tooth within the jaw.

While cementum does play a role in protecting the root surface and contributes to the overall health of the tooth, its main purpose is to provide this vital connection between the tooth and the supporting structures of the mouth. Cementum also has a regenerative capability, allowing it to repair itself if damaged, but it does not regenerate enamel; enamel is formed through a different biological process and is not capable of regeneration once eroded or lost. Therefore, the focus on anchoring the periodontal ligament highlights the critical role of cementum in maintaining dental integrity and health.