Which bacterium is responsible for causing tetanus?

The bacterium responsible for causing tetanus is Clostridium tetani. This organism is an anaerobic, spore-forming bacillus that produces a potent neurotoxin called tetanospasmin. When the spores enter the body, often through deep wounds or punctures, they can become active in an oxygen-free environment, like that found in damaged tissue. The tetanospasmin toxin interferes with normal nerve transmission, leading to the characteristic muscle rigidity and spasms associated with tetanus.

Understanding the role of C. tetani in tetanus is crucial for dental professionals, as they may encounter patients who are at risk for this infection, especially those with poor oral hygiene or those who do not keep up with their vaccinations. Maintaining knowledge of infectious diseases and their causative agents helps in the prevention and management of potential complications in dental practice.

The other bacteria listed do not cause tetanus and are associated with different types of infections. For instance, Staphylococcus aureus is known for causing skin infections and food poisoning, Escherichia coli is typically linked to urinary tract infections and gastrointestinal illnesses, and Salmonella enterica is a common cause of foodborne illness. Understanding the specific pathogenic roles of these bacteria aids in proper