Which nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?

The trigeminal nerve is responsible for supplying the muscles of mastication, which includes the masseter, temporalis, and pterygoid muscles. This nerve is critical for the process of chewing as it provides the motor function necessary for these muscles to contract and perform their functions effectively.

Additionally, the trigeminal nerve is the fifth cranial nerve and has three main branches — the ophthalmic, maxillary, and mandibular nerves. It is specifically the mandibular branch that innervates the muscles responsible for mastication. This makes the trigeminal nerve the primary nerve involved in controlling the movements of the jaw.

Understanding the role of the trigeminal nerve is crucial for dental professionals, especially in procedures related to dental surgery or managing conditions affecting mastication, as these directly involve the muscles it innervates.