Which type of herpes virus is commonly associated with gingival infections?

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is commonly associated with gingival infections, particularly those presenting as herpetic gingivostomatitis. This condition typically occurs in children and can manifest as swelling, redness, and ulceration of the gingiva and other oral mucosal surfaces. HSV-1 is predominantly transmitted through oral contact and is often the virus responsible for cold sores, but it also has a significant role in oral and gingival infections.

In contrast to HSV-1, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is more commonly associated with genital infections. Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) primarily causes chickenpox and shingles rather than gingival infections. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) typically presents in individuals with weakened immune systems and does not have a direct link to gingival infections. Understanding the specific correlations between herpes viruses and their clinical manifestations helps in accurate diagnosis and treatment in dental settings.