Which upper molar has five cusps?

The upper first molar is characterized by its unique cusp pattern, typically featuring five cusps. These are the two buccal cusps (mesiobuccal and distobuccal), two palatal cusps (mesiopalatal and distopalatal), and one additional cusp known as the cusp of Carabelli, which is often found on the palatal surface of the mesiopalatal cusp. This complex arrangement of cusps allows for efficient grinding and chewing of food.

In contrast, the upper second molar usually has four cusps, similar to the upper third molar, which may also exhibit variations but generally does not feature the additional cusp found in the first molar. The upper canine, being a single-rooted tooth, has only a single cusp designed primarily for tearing rather than grinding. Thus, the distinction of the upper first molar with its five cusps is essential for understanding its functional role in mastication.